Evolution of Chinese Military Strategy

 

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『Evolution of Chinese Military Strategy』

 

China was the supremacy of Asia for over 2000years. But getting left behind of industrialization, china experienced the collapse of empire. Before we take a look evolution of Chinese Military Strategy, we need to confine the definition of Military strategy. For traditional meaning, it is just mean the scale of military power. Nowadays the meaning of military strategy is totally different. It is one if national tactic process that use power to grasp national objective.

 

Early in the PLA, it is deeply related with political plan made by CCP. PLA partly participated to make propaganda to show their policy. That is why the communist party needs various attention of people.

 

 In 1940s revolutionary regime and its mobilization potential was the important part of PLA. With PRC foundation and confrontation with sino-soviet alliance and us military alliance, PLA transformed from guerrilla fighters to conventional, official military of China

 

At that time Military modernization is supported by comprehensive assistance of USSR. Especially, putting an emphasis on strategic weapon plans(atomic bomb, balastic missile, nuclear submarine) to compete with American intervention

 

In 1980s, Deng Xiaoping introduced capitalism into china, and putting their all ability to economy boost. Stopping intervention to other thing, other country, just trying to take care of people’s daily life. We called this Dengism that wating the right time while raising their own power.

 

As PRC’s economy boost in 2000s, PRC is no longer need imported arms from Europe. PRC can afford the modernization plan of military. PLA is now acting up effective analysis using military power to protect internal and external security. Past 100 years, the reason that US have powerful capital strength, US have been the supremacy of the world. I think it is inevitable tendency in modern society. 

 

For his dream come true, it is absolutely imperative that china’s future effort for “belt and road and “strategic economy”. Just simply look of military budget of China, China spends money to that sector as the second much in world. After XI jinping came into office, he aspire for expanding or enhancing PRC’s military power influence soft and hard, or even playing a leading role in Asia, even further, in worldwide.

 

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The Belt and Road Initiative was unveiled by Chinese leader Xi Jinping When he visited Central Asia and Southeast Asia in September and October 2013, he raised the initiative of jointly building regional union or cooperation. The initiative calls for the integration of the region into a cohesive economic area through building infrastructure, increasing cultural exchanges, and broadening trade.

 

The vigorous and almost sudden promotion for china’s strategic economy is significant for military power of china. China will substantial period in the future to focus on “strategic economy” in foreign policy, based on its enormous economic and financial strength and broad diplomacy to be engaged in the region and globally.

 

Of course, there are some tensions unable to be overlooked between the requirement of “strategic economy and military”. China should solve this with diplomacy or another plan. US doesn’t want to give up the supremacy of the world. The recognition that us see PRC is the only competitor to challenge with US. Therefore US regards China as the major security risk in Asia. In the near future, the explicit conflict will be definitized by the island in south china sea. “spritely island is the representative. It would be easily heard the territory conflict between the Phillipines and PRC. But with detailed view, it lays on complicated relation between US and PRC I strongly believe that China is willing to put up with the conflict when it is related with china’s profit, especially with territory problem.

 

Defence doctrine is an important indicator of armed force’s intention and capabilities. the policy of PLA’s military plan undergone big change. The Maoist doctrine of the “people’s war”, which had been prevalent in the late 1960s, was replaced by a new doctrine. Here are three major point of change is below. Firstly the strategic aspects of how to fight the war rather than what type and nature of the war the PLA should be fight. It implies the way of drawing enemy forces into the interior of china, and positional warfare was stressed.

 

Secondly cities were to be defended, a departure from the Maoist advocacy of abandoning cities for the vast rural areas where the over-extended enemy forces would be gradually divided and annihilated. Finally, assuming the inevitability of nuclear attack, the old strategy of deterrence through denial, which was somewhat linked to the notion of “people’s war,” was supplemented by a notion of strategic deterrence through retaliation. This is largely due to the fact that by the early 1980S, China had developed and deployed a small but usable strategic nuclear force.

 

PLA thinks that local war is more likely to occur than major war. First reason of that assumption is that nuclear stalemate between the two superpowers was thought to force them to search for competition, between major war and total compromise. Secondly, the increasing magnitude of destruction and the increasing costliness of modern war make local war a less costly alternative to major war to achieve objectives.

 

As the primary objective for the PLA is to prepare for fighting and winning a modern, local war, a range of new strategic principles have been articulated to reflect this doctrinal change. To define the new geography of strategic competition that may lead to armed conflict. If china intends to lay the basis for the 21st take off and joining the rank of great powers, it must have a dimensional frontier. This would in turn enable China to establish and maintain the necessary security space, survival space, scientific exploration and economic activities space, the necessary conditions for preserving the interests and security of the state. New geographic space of competition envisaged by the PLA, new functions such as “strategic deterrence” have been formulated to supplement its traditional “real war” function.

 

Recently, PRC opened up so many “new fronts” or “new battlefield”, as it were, but none of them could have a final decision developed in the predictable future. This is undoubtedly problem of china’s situation. This is the right point that PRC can achieve to take it all or spoil it all.